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BAC
Examenul Național de Bacalaureat
📝 Secondary Education Graduation Exam Paper-based for written tests and Oral for digital/linguistic competencies. ⏱ Valid: Lifetime Since 1925 ⚡ Moderate to High
🕐 Last updated: June 18, 2026
📝 Register Now 🌐 Official Site
›
Score Range
1.00 - 10.00
Exam Fee
Duration
9 hours total for written exams plus oral competency assessments.
Questions
Varies (usually 3 main subjects per paper)
Score Valid
Lifetime
Frequency
Twice a year (Summer and Autumn sessions).
Accepted By
Varies
Pass Rate
Approximately 70% to 78% depending on the year.
Difficulty
Moderate to High
📝 Register for BAC 🌐 Official Website ✍️ Need application help? →
Quick Summary

BAC (Examenul Național de Bacalaureat) is a secondary education graduation exam conducted by Ministry of Education (Ministerul Educației), Romania. Scores range from 1.00 - 10.00, valid for Lifetime. Accepted by Varies, with moderate to high difficulty level.

📋 Exam Overview
🎯
Score Range
1.00 - 10.00
⏱
Duration
9 hours total for written exams plus oral competency assessments.
💳
Fee
📅
Valid For
Lifetime
🖥
Mode
Paper-based for written tests and Oral for digital/linguistic competencies.
🌍
Accepted By
Varies
🗓
Frequency
Twice a year (Summer and Autumn sessions).
🏛
Conducted By
Ministry of Education (Ministerul Educației), Romania
❓
Total Qs
Varies (usually 3 main subjects per paper)
📑
Sections
Romanian Language and Literature, Compulsory Subject of the Profile, Subject at Choice of the Profile, Oral Competencies
⚡
Difficulty
Moderate to High
📊
Pass Rate
Approximately 70% to 78% depending on the year.
Examenul Maturității (The Maturity Exam)
👤 Who Should Take This Exam?
Romanian high school students who have completed the 12th or 13th grade and wish to graduate and attend university.
🎓 Education Level
High School Graduation (EQF Level 4)
🌍 Accepted In
Romania European Union member states and most countries globally for university admission.
📝 Exam Structure & Format
Question Types
Subjective essays, objective multiple-choice, problem-solving, and structured response questions.
Language / Medium
Romanian, with options for minority languages like Hungarian, German, and Serbian.
Total Duration
9 hours total for written exams plus oral competency assessments.
Retake Policy
Students can retake the exam in the second session of the same year or in subsequent years. Up to five total attempts are generally permitted.
Total Questions
Varies (usually 3 main subjects per paper)
Sections
Romanian Language and Literature, Compulsory Subject of the Profile, Subject at Choice of the Profile, Oral Competencies
⚙️ More format details (timing, marking, equipment)See all ▾
Time Per Section
180 minutes per written exam section.
Negative Marking
No
Calculator Allowed
No
Scratch Paper
Yes
Breaks Allowed
No
Home Edition
No
Digital vs Paper
The exam remains paper-based for the candidate, but the evaluation process has transitioned from local physical grading to national digital grading.
📑 Section Details
The Compulsory Profile subject is usually Mathematics (Real) or History (Uman). The Choice subject includes options like Physics, Biology, Chemistry, Geography, or Social Sciences.
🎯 Scoring System
Score Range
1.00 - 10.00
Good / Passing Score
6.00 overall average and minimum 5.00 per individual subject.
How Scoring Works
Scoring is done on a 1-10 scale per subject. One point is granted automatically; the rest is based on the grading rubric (barem).
🏆 Minimum Scores for Top Universities
A minimum of 5.00 in each written test is required to pass, provided the overall average is at least 6.00.
📊 Section / sub-scoresSee all ▾
Writing
Included in the Romanian Language and Literature final mark.
Speaking
Part of the oral competency exams (Romanian and Foreign Language).
Listening
Part of the Foreign Language competency exam.
Reading
Included in the Romanian Language and Foreign Language written/oral components.
Grammar
Integrated into the Romanian Language and Literature evaluation.
Vocabulary
Integrated into the Romanian Language and Literature evaluation.
Analytical
Primarily assessed through the Mathematics or Science subjects.
Quantitative
Assessed specifically in the Mathematics written exam (M1 or M2 levels).
Verbal
Assessed through the Romanian Language and Literature written and oral exams.
Subject
Each subject is graded on a scale of 1 to 10.
All Sub-Scores
Individual scores are provided for each of the three written subjects.
📈 Avg First Attempt
7.00 - 7.50
🔼 Score Improvement
Moderate, often seen in students who focus on specific subjects for the autumn session.
💳 Registration & Fees
Fee (USD)
Fee (INR)
Other
The exam is free for the first two attempts for students. Subsequent attempts require a fee of approximately 400 RON.
📝 Register Now →
📋 Policies (rescheduling, cancellation, verification, waivers)See all ▾
⏰ Register in Advance
Registration typically occurs in late May for the summer session and mid-July for the autumn session.
🔄 Rescheduling Policy
Rescheduling within a session is not possible; students must wait for the next official session if they miss an exam.
❌ Cancellation Policy
Students may withdraw their registration before the exam begins by submitting a formal request to the school commission.
🔍 Score Verification
Yes (Contestații)
📋 Score Audit
Students may request to view their papers after final results, though this does not automatically change the grade.
↩ Reinstatement Policy
Candidates expelled for fraud lose the right to participate in the next two sessions.
🎁 Fee Waiver Criteria
Not specified
📅 Exam Dates & Schedule
📆 Available Months
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
🔁 Frequency
Twice a year (Summer and Autumn sessions).
📊 Results Declared
Initial results are usually posted within 7 to 10 days after the final exam, followed by a period for appeals.
🔄 Retake Policy
Students can retake the exam in the second session of the same year or in subsequent years. Up to five total attempts are generally permitted.
⏰ Register By
Registration typically occurs in late May for the summer session and mid-July for the autumn session.
✅ Eligibility & Access
🎂 Age Limit
No upper age limit; must have completed high school education.
🎓 Education Required
Successful completion of all 12 or 13 high school grades and all internal year-end evaluations.
🛂 Citizenship
None
📍 Test Centers
Varies
More on accommodations, ID, and special versionsSee all ▾
🪪 ID Required
Yes
♿ Accessibility
Provisions include extended time, specialized equipment for visually impaired students, and individual rooms for candidates with certain medical conditions.
🔀 Special Versions
Bilingual exams and exams in minority languages are available for students from corresponding high school tracks.
📐 Subject Variants
Theoretical (Real/Uman), Technological, and Vocational variants based on the high school profile.
🤝 Disability Accommodations
Accommodations include separate testing rooms, use of computers (for specific cases), and increased time limits based on medical documentation.
🗓 Exam Day Guide
✅ What to Bring
Valid ID (CI or Passport), blue ink pens, and a transparent bottle of water.
🚫 Prohibited Items
Mobile phones, smartwatches, calculators, textbooks, notes, bags, and food.
📋 Exam Day Rules
Strict supervision via video cameras, no communication allowed, and personal items must be stored outside the exam room.
After the exam: score reporting and deliverySee all ▾
⏱ Score Reporting
7 to 10 days
📤 Score Sending
Paper certificate and inclusion in the National Education Database (SIIIR).
🎓 Score Recipients
Admissions offices of Romanian and international universities via official certificates.
📚 Preparation Guide
📅 Recommended Prep Time
6 to 12 months
🗓 Avg Prep Months
9 months
Preparation covers the entire four-year high school curriculum for the specific profile (Theoretical, Technological, or Vocational). Students focus heavily on the national syllabus and previous year models.
💡 Top Tips & Tricks
Review the official grading rubrics (barem) meticulously to understand how points are awarded. Practice under timed conditions using subjects from previous years to manage the three-hour limit effectively.
Full study plan, resources, and common mistakesSee all ▾
📅 Study Plan
A common study plan involves a comprehensive review of the 9th-12th grade syllabus starting in early October. Intense practice and mock exams are usually conducted from March through June.
📖 Recommended Books
Manualele școlare aprobate de Ministerul Educației, Memoratoare de limba română, Culegeri de matematică (Editura Paralela 45).
🏫 Popular Prep Courses
Private tutoring (meditații) and school-organized remedial sessions.
📱 Popular Prep Apps
Questio, BAC de 10, and various Romanian Literature summary apps.
✅ Official Practice Tests
Yes
🆓 Free Online Resources
The official edu.ro archives for subjects and rubrics, Telescoala broadcasts, and various educational YouTube channels specializing in the Romanian curriculum.
⚠️ Common Mistakes to Avoid
Ignoring the specific requirements of the grading rubric which can lead to lost points even with correct information. Mismanaging time during the long essays in the Romanian Language exam is also a frequent issue.
💡 EduAtlasHub Exclusive Insights
🔍 Insider Tips
Focus on the structure of Subiectul III in the Romanian exam as it carries the most weight. In Mathematics, ensure all intermediate steps are written down as partial points are awarded even for incomplete solutions.
⭐ Unique Features
Includes a digital competency exam and requires passing both individual subjects and an overall average threshold.
🎓 How This Score Impacts Your Application
The Bacalaureat grade is the primary or secondary criterion for admission into Romanian universities and many European institutions.
More insights: country notes, comparisons, myths, examiner tipsSee all ▾
🌍 Country-Specific Notes
Specific tracks like 'Real' focus on Math and Science, while 'Uman' focuses on Literature and History, changing the exam subjects accordingly.
⚖️ Comparison with Alternatives
Comparable in rigor to the French Baccalauréat or the German Abitur; more curriculum-focused than the SAT or ACT.
🆕 Recent Changes
Implementation of a centralized digital grading system where papers are scanned and marked by examiners across the country.
🔜 Upcoming Changes
Planned structural changes under the new Education Law to introduce more cross-disciplinary subjects by 2027.
🧐 Myths vs Facts
Myth: You can pass by just memorizing essays. Fact: The grading rubric now emphasizes analytical skills and text application over rote memorization.
👨‍🏫 Examiner Tips
Ensure handwriting is legible to avoid misunderstandings during the digital scanning and grading process.
🏆 Success Stories
Many students achieving a perfect 10.00 average go on to receive full scholarships at top-tier global universities.
📋 Post-Exam Steps
Collect the official diploma, register for university admission (Admitere), or translate documents for international study.
🎯 Score Uses Beyond Admission
Used for some public sector jobs in Romania and as a mandatory certification for vocational qualifications.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
How long is the BAC score valid?+
The BAC score is valid for Lifetime.
How much does the BAC cost?+
Please check the official website for current fee information.
How often can I retake the BAC?+
Students can retake the exam in the second session of the same year or in subsequent years. Up to five total attempts are generally permitted.
When are BAC results declared?+
Initial results are usually posted within 7 to 10 days after the final exam, followed by a period for appeals.
Which universities accept the BAC?+
BAC is accepted by Varies.
Is a calculator allowed in the BAC?+
No
How should I prepare for the BAC?+
Preparation covers the entire four-year high school curriculum for the specific profile (Theoretical, Technological, or Vocational). Students focus heavily on the national syllabus and previous year models.
📝
Register for BAC
Examenul Maturității (The Maturity Exam)
Register Now →
📊 Quick Facts
Official Site →
Conducted ByMinistry of Education (Ministerul Educației), Romania
Year Started1925
CategorySecondary Education Graduation Exam
Last UpdatedJune 18, 2026
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